Biomaterials I
Course Outline
Timeand Location
Lecture, to be determined
Instructor: R. S. Lakes, Professor
Text: Park, J.B. and Lakes, R. S., Biomaterials, Plenum, NY, second edition (1992) was used for earlier offerings of the course. A third edition is available as of 2007. Park, J.B. and Lakes, R. S., Biomaterials, Springer, third edition (2007).
References: Van Vlack, Elements of Materials Science and Engineering
Weinstein, et al., ed, Retrieval and Analysis of Orthopaedic Implants
Dumbleton and Black, An Introduction to Orthopaedic Materials
Greener, Harcourt, Lautenschlager, Materials Science in Dentistry
Description: Properties, biocompatibility characteristics, and performance requirements for materials used in implants. The goal is to enable the clinician to correct deformity, assist in healing, or replace a damaged or diseased part of the body to improve health.
Outline:
1 Anatomic and physiological considerations
2 Physical properties of natural and replacement materials
3 Response of implants to the body environment
3.1 Chemical breakdown
Corrosion of metals
Degradation of polymers
3.2 Mechanical breakdown
fracture,fatigue, wear, creep, synergistic effects
4 Response of the body to implants
Cellular basis for response
Infection associated with implants
Toxicity and carcinogenicity
Mechanical effects on the body
5 Extracorporeal applications of materials
6 Transplants
7 Regeneration of tissues and organs
Lab reports: Reports are due two weeks after the laboratory session is held. Report grades will be reduced by 10% for each working week of additional delay. Reports should be clear and understandable.
Experiments: Laboratory experiments may include some of the following.
Experiment Title
1 Determination of mechanical properties of bone and its replacements
2 Determination of viscoelastic properties of hard tissue
3 Determination of hard tissue properties
4 Determination of soft tissue properties: skin
5 Corrosion of metallic implants
6 Polymerization of cements and fillings: thermal and mechanical aspects
7 Characterization of shape memory alloy [Nitinol]
8 Interfacial behavior of biomaterials by holography
9 Foam materials
10 Dental materials
11 Evaluation of bone plate designs
12 Porous arterial graft
13 Toughness of PMMA cement: effect of porosity
A case study: Teflon based implants for the jaw to treat temporomandibular joint (TMJ) problems failed catastrophically.
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